![]() ![]() In: Page AL, Keeney DR (eds) Method of soil analysis, Part II, 2nd edn. Soil Sci 59:39–46īremner J, Mulvaney C (1982) Nitrogentotal. J Exp Bot 56:1761–1778īray RH, Kurtz LT (1945) Determination of total, organic, and available forms of phosphorus in soils. J Nat Sci Res 5:169–176īarea J‑M, Pozo MJ, Azcon R, Azcon-Aguilar C (2005) Microbial co-operation in the rhizosphere. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of German Society of Plant Nutrition September 27–28īadini SA, Khan M, Baloch SU, Baloch SK, Baloch HN, Bashir W, Badini AR, Badini MA (2015) Effect of phosphorus levels on growth and yield of chickpea (Cicer aretinum L.) varieties. J AgriSearch 4:10–15Īziz T, Gill M, Rahmatullah DS, Schubert S (2005) Rock phosphate acquisition by four Brassica cultivars. J Pharmacogn Phytochem SP1:259–263Īsif I, Khan A, Mazhar I, Ikram U (2017) Integrated use of phosphorus and organic matter improve fodder yield of moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia Jacq.) under irrigated and dryland conditions of Pakistan. J Microb Biochem Technol 8:433–439Īnwar S, Faraz M, Iqbal A, Islam M, Iqbal M, Alamzeb M, Parmar B (2017) Phosphorus management improve productivity of wheat varieties under semiarid climates. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 50:2544–2569Īmanullah SA, Iqbal A, Fahad S (2016) Foliar phosphorus and zinc application improve growth and productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) under moisture stress conditions in semi-arid climates. Sarhad J Agric 19(1):55–59Īmanullah, Iqbal A, Khan A, Khalid S, Shah A, Parmar B, Khalid S, Muhammad A (2019) Integrated management of phosphorus, organic sources, and beneficial microbes improve dry matter partitioning of maize. Int J Res 1:2394–5907Īli A, Ishtiaq M, Jan NE (2003) Effect of rhizobium Leguminosarum inoculum on the growth and yield of different pea cultivars. Aust J Basic Appl Sci 3:4656–4664Īli MA, Khalid L (2015) Comparative performance of wheat in response to different phosphatic fertilizers. ![]() Int J Agric Biol 10:85–88Īhmed M, Badr EA (2009) Effect of bio- and mineral phosphorus fertilizer on the growth, productivity and nutritional value of some chickpea cultivars (Cicer arietinum, L.) in newly cultivated land. Thus, phosphorus source ratio (RP:SSP) of 25:75 along with PSB and rhizobium are recommended for higher productivity of chickpea in calcareous soils of Pakistan.Īfzal A, Bano A (2008) Rhizobium and phosphate solubilizing bacteria improve the yield and phosphorus uptake in wheat (Triticum aestivum). The findings suggested that PSB solubilized the poor available P from RP in combination with SSP which could improve the efficiency of rhizobium in nodulation, seed yield, and P uptake of chickpea. Seed inoculation with rhizobium improved all the studied traits, delayed flowering and maturity, and increased seed yield by 17% than without rhizobium. Early development, higher nodule biomass, yield contributing traits, and P uptake along with an increase of 16% in seed yield were obtained in PSB applied plots than without PSB. The results revealed that among P source ratios (RP:SSP), 0:100 and 25:75 exerted a significant effect on chickpea phenology, nodulation, yield contributing traits, total P uptake, and increased seed yield by 63% and 53% as compared to 100:0 across the years, respectively. P sources in different ratios (RP:SSP 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, 100:0) were assigned to the main plot, while combinations of PSB and rhizobium into a subplot. Therefore, a two-year field experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement, using four replications. We hypothesized that proper management of P sources like rock phosphate (RP) and single superphosphate (SSP), phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), and rhizobium could improve the solubility and availability of P for higher chickpea yield. Furthermore, if the availability of P is increased from a comparatively cheaper source of P, the farmers’ cost of production could be decreased. The high pH and calcium in calcareous soil fix the P making it unavailable to the crop. Poor availability of phosphorus (P) in calcareous soil is one of the main reasons for low chickpea productivity. ![]()
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